Political developments

1917

1918

1919

TIMELINE

1920

Military developments

1921

1922

January

31

An anti-Bolshevik uprising begins in West Siberia (West Siberian uprising), caused by widespread discontent with Prodrazvyorstka [Food requisition]. The suppression of the uprising lasted until the end of 1922, several thousands of insurgents were killed (according to some evidence, more than 20 thousand people).

February 12

The units of the Red Army’s 11th Army entered the territory of Georgia and occupied Tiflis (Tbilisi) on February 25.

The Bolshevik uprising in Georgia against the Menshevik government begins. On February 16, in the town of Shulavery, the Revolutionary Committee of Georgia was established, headed by Georgian communists (chairman Philip Makharadze). The Revolutionary Committee proclaimed Soviet power in the country and appealed for help to the Council of People’s Commissars (SNK) of the Russian SFSR.

March

4

In Moscow, a union agreement is concluded between the Russian SFSR and the Bukharan People’s Soviet Republic.

March

5-11

The 13th Extraordinary Conference of the Bund in Minsk agreed with the decision of the Executive Committee of the Communist International to admit the party members to the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks), RCP(b), on an individual basis. In June 1921, the Central Committee of the Bund announced the liquidation of the party.

The 10th Congress of the RCP(b) adopts a resolution “On the Party Unity”, which prohibits factional struggle within the Bolshevik Party.

The “Sovietization of Georgia” is completed. In Kutais, representatives of the previous government of the country (led by Noe Zhordania) concluded an agreement on the cessation of hostilities and the transfer of Batum to the Revolutionary Committee of Georgia. The Georgian Democratic Republic ceases to exist.

The Provisional Democratic Republic of the Tambov Guerilla Krai (Territory) is proclaimed by the rebels during the Aleksander Antonov’s Tambov Uprising.

The anti-Bolshevik coup in Vladivostok. The Whites overthrew the Primorsky Regional Administration of the Far Eastern Republic, led by Bolshevik Vasily Antonov. The Provisional Priamurye Government headed by Spiridon Merkulov is formed. Priamurye state (since July 23, 1922, the Priamursky Zemsky Krai) is formed. Its armed forces (the White Rebel Army) were formed based on the White Far East Army that had been part of General Vladimir Kappel’s and Ataman Grigory Semyonov’s armies.

The defeat of the main forces of the Tambov uprising, the 2nd Rebel Army of Aleksander Antonov and others, by the forces of the Red Army under the general command of Ieronim Uborevich (commander of the troops of Tambov governorate Mikhail Tukhachevsky). Antonov had been hiding for almost a year in Tambov forests and was killed on June 24, 1922, as a result of an operation by the State Political Administration (GPU).

March

15

March

16

March

17-18

March

18

Late May

early June

June

4

The White troops of Lieutenant General Baron Roman von Ungern-Sternberg crossed the Soviet border advancing from Mongolia during the Northern Expedition. While advancing in Trans-Baikalia in the direction of Troitskosavsk and Verkhneudinsk, they suffered a series of defeats and retreated. On July 6, the Reds occupied the capital of Mongolia, Urga, where Ungern-Sternberg had been based.

May

20

May

26

The beginning of the anti-Bolshevik Yakut uprising led by Georgy Efimov. The uprising is participated in by the remaining White troops in the region.

September

December 22

August

20

August

28

Baron Roman von Ungern-Sternberg is arrested by red partisans led by Pyotr Shchetinkin (convicted and executed on September 15, 1921).

Nestor Makhno with his detachment move to Romania. The end of the Makhnovist movement in Ukraine.

The capture of Khabarovsk by the White Rebel Army (the armed forces of the Priamurye state) under the command of Major General Viktorin Molchanov.