Soviet republic, established at the end of 1920 in the Transcaucasia after the elimination of the Republic of Armenia.

 

On November 4, 1920, at a meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Azerbaijan with members of the Caucasian Bureau of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) – RCP(b) it was decided to assist the Armenian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in preparing an uprising against the government of the Republic of Armenia (Dashnaktsutyun ruling party).

 

On November 29, the rebels occupied Kazakh-Caravanserai and established the Revolutionary Committee of Armenia (with Sarkis Kasyan as the Chairman and Askanaz Mravyan as the Deputy). The Committee announced the overthrow of the Dashnaks government and the creation of the Armenian SSR. The insurgents were backed by the 11th Army of the Red Army, which included the Armenian Revolutionary Regiment. On December 2, the Government of the Republic of Armenia withdrew. Power was transferred to the Revolutionary Committee until the Congress of Armenian Soviets was convoked. On the same day, a treaty of friendship was signed with the Russian SFSR.

 

On December 21, 1920, the Revolutionary Committee established that the republic was subject to the laws of the Russian SFSR with amendments and additions made under local conditions. In late 1920–early 1921, the nationalization of land, subsoil, forests and water, transport, enterprises, and banks was carried out, and the Board (Council) of National Economy was created.

 

The authorities of Soviet Armenia gradually established control over the territory of the country. In February 1921, the Menshevik government of the Georgian Democratic Republic was overthrown in the Dorian neutral zone, and this area became a part of the Armenian SSR. On April 22, Turkish troops left the Alexandropol district due to the efforts of the government of the Russian SFSR. In the same period, the Bolsheviks suppressed some anti-Soviet actions of the Dashnaktsutyun party. On February 18, 1921, the Dashnaks took Erivan and were driven out from there on April 2.

 

In May 1921, the Revolutionary Committee of the Armenian SSR was transformed into the Council of People’s Commissars (headed by Aleksander Myasnikov). Local revolutionary committees were replaced by elected Soviets. On February 4, 1922, the 1st Congress of Soviets of Workers’, Peasants’ and Red Army’s Deputies was held in Erivan where the Constitution of the republic was adopted. The Congress of Soviets was declared the supreme power that elected the Central Executive Committee.

 

On March 12, 1922, the Armenian SSR entered into an agreement with the Azerbaijan SSR and the Georgian SSR on the establishment of the Federative Union of Socialist Soviet Republics of Transcaucasia (Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic starting from December 1922). The Armenian SSR became part of the USSR on December 30, 1922, within the Transcaucasian SFSR.