A state entity in Ukraine headed by Pavel Skoropadsky that existed in 1918.

 

On April 28, 1918, Austrian and German troops invaded the territory of Ukraine and broke up the Central Rada of the Ukrainian People’s Republic (UPR). On April 29, the All-Ukrainian Congress of Grain Growers (landowners) was held in Kiev and proclaimed the establishment of the Ukrainian State headed by Skoropadsky, who was elected the Hetman of All Ukraine. Hetman was given all the power. The social base of the regime was large industrialists, landowners, and wealthy peasants. Socialist parties and their newspapers were banned.

 

The western and northern borders of the Ukrainian State were determined by the Brest Treaties with the Central Powers. In the east, the demarcation line between Ukrainian, German, and Soviet troops was considered as the border of the state.

 

In November 1918, the Central Powers were defeated in the World War I and the withdrawal of their troops from the occupied territories began. In those conditions, Skoropadsky unsuccessfully tried to involve representatives of Ukrainian socialist parties in the government. On November 14, the Hetman proclaimed the federation of the Ukrainian State with the future non-Bolshevik Russia. However, all attempts to expand political support for the regime failed. The armed forces of the Directory of the UPR, led by Symon Petliura, rebelled and won. The Ukrainian State was eliminated on December 14, 1918, when Skoropadsky signed a renunciation of power and secretly left for Germany under the guise of a wounded German officer.