Primorskaya operation of the People’s Revolutionary
Army of the Far Eastern Republic (DVR)
October 4–25, 1922
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Combat operations carried out by the People’s Revolutionary Army of the Far Eastern Republic (NRA DVR) with the support of the Red partisans (guerillas) in Primorye. As a result of the Primorskaya operation, the entire Far East was liberated from the Whites; the capture of Vladivostok marked the end of the Civil War in Russia.
On September 2, the Zemstvo Host (military forces of the Priamursky Zemsky Krai) under the command of Lieutenant General Mikhail Diterikhs attempted an offensive on Khabarovsk. The Whites launched actions along the Ussuriysk railway and to the east. Commander-in-Chief of NRA DVR Ieronim Uborevich elaborated a plan of the Primorskaya operation. According to the plan, the NRA DVR forces, advancing from the front along the railroad and flanking Spassk-Primorsky and Monastyrische, were to cut off the main forces of the Whites from Vladivostok and defeat them. By October 3, a strike group of the NRA DVR had been concentrated near Shmakovka station. In the rear of the Whites, guerilla detachments (up to 5000-strong) operated, which were subordinate to the NRA DVR.
October 4 saw the strike group go on an offensive. On October 9, the troops of the NRA DVR stormed Spassk-Primorsky (the Spassky fortified area, built by the Japanese in 1921, was a stronghold of the Whites’ defense), opening the way to Primorye. During the battles on October 10–15 in the Voznesenskoye-Monastyryshche district, the main forces of the Whites were defeated. Developing an offensive to the south, on October 19, the NRA DVR approached Vladivostok occupied by the Japanese. Workers and office staff of the city began a general strike, demanding that parts of the NRA RDA be allowed into the city. In this situation, the Japanese command signed an agreement with the DVR’s government. According to it, the Japanese troops were withdrawn from the Far East. The remnants of the Zemstvo Host were evacuated abroad. October 25 saw the units of the NRA DVR and partisans enter Vladivostok.
The units of the People’s Revolutionary Army of the Far Eastern Republic entering Vladivostok. End of October 1922.
SMPHR. F.III-21960
The units of the People’s Revolutionary Army of the Far Eastern Republic entering Vladivostok. End of October 1922.
SMPHR. F.III-6615
The units of the People’s Revolutionary Army of the Far Eastern Republic entering Vladivostok. End of October 1922.
SMPHR. F.III-6643
The army commander Ieronim Uborevich welcomed in Vladivostok. End of October 1922.
SMPHR. F.III-23611
Ieronim Uborevich (1896–1937),
Commander of the Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army; in 1922, Minister of War, Commander-in-Chief of the People’s Revolutionary Army and Navy of the Far Eastern Republic (DVR).